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MGA for Federally Authorized Surety Companies — California Practice

The California plaintiff cost bond. On defendant's motion.

California Code of Civil Procedure §1030 authorizes a defendant in a California civil action to move the court for an order requiring a non-resident plaintiff to file a cost bond. The bond secures the costs and attorney's fees the court may award the defendant if the plaintiff loses or fails to prosecute. We write California plaintiff cost bonds on a same-day basis with direct e-filing for direct delivery to the issuing Superior Court.

Bond Penalty
Set by court on motion
Multiplier Type
Statutory amount
Filing
Superior Court
Turnaround
Same-day issuance

What a California cost bond actually does.

California is one of a handful of states that allow a defendant to demand security for costs from a non-resident plaintiff. Under Code of Civil Procedure §1030, when a civil action has been commenced and the plaintiff is a non-resident, the defendant may at any time apply to the court by noticed motion for an order requiring the plaintiff to file a cost bond.

The bond is not automatic. The defendant must move; the court must find that the plaintiff is in fact a non-resident; the court sets the bond amount based on a reasonable estimate of costs and attorney's fees that may be recovered. Once ordered, the plaintiff must post the bond within the time set by the court, typically 30 days. Failure to post is grounds for dismissal of the action.

The principal is the plaintiff. The obligee is the defendant. The bond pays the court costs and (where statute permits) attorney's fees the defendant recovers if the plaintiff loses or fails to prosecute. We have written California cost bonds for plaintiffs in actions from $50,000 to nine figures, including complex commercial litigation where the projected cost taxables and §128.5 sanctions exposure run into six figures.

The rules we underwrite to.

California's plaintiff cost bond requirement is codified at Cal. Code Civ. Proc. §1030. The bond is required on defendant's motion (in most cases) and the bond penalty is set by statute or court discretion. We underwrite to the controlling statute and draft each bond on the form the California court will accept.

Controlling Authorities
Cal.
Cal. Code Civ. Proc. §1030 — California plaintiff cost bond — non-resident security on defendant's motion
Cal.
Cal. Code Civ. Proc. §1032 — Costs of suit — general definition
Cal.
Cal. Code Civ. Proc. §1033.5 — Items allowable as costs — specific taxables
Cal.
Cal. Code Civ. Proc. §995.010 et seq. — General undertaking requirements and surety qualifications

How a California cost bond gets issued.

California §1030 cost bonds are among the most underwriter-friendly court bonds in our practice. The bond amount is bounded by the court's estimate of costs and attorney's fees — typically in the four to six-figure range — and the risk of payout is moderate (the bond only pays if the plaintiff loses and is taxed with costs).

Most California cost bonds are written same-day on standard application terms without collateral. Two documents start the file: the complaint from the underlying action and the defendant's motion and order setting the bond amount. A brief financial statement is required only for larger bonds (over $25,000).

Filing is with the Superior Court that entered the order. We deliver bonds in PDF for direct e-filing through the court's electronic filing system. For complex commercial cases where the court is considering setting a particularly high bond, our underwriters can review the §1030 motion in advance and provide a quote conditional on the court's order.

California-specific questions.

When is a California plaintiff cost bond required?
When the defendant moves under CCP §1030 and the court finds the plaintiff to be a non-resident. The bond is not automatic — the defendant must affirmatively move for it.
How is the bond amount set?
By the court. CCP §1030(b) instructs the court to set an amount that reasonably covers the costs and attorney's fees the defendant may recover. The court hears the parties on a noticed motion before setting the amount.
What happens if the plaintiff fails to post the bond?
The action is subject to dismissal. Per §1030(d), if the plaintiff fails to file the undertaking within the time allowed, the action is to be dismissed without prejudice — though most courts permit a short extension on a showing of cause.
Does the cost bond cover attorney's fees?
Yes, where attorney's fees are recoverable as a matter of contract or statute in the underlying action. The §1030 bond covers both court costs and the attorney's fees the defendant may recover.
Are corporate plaintiffs subject to the §1030 cost bond?
Yes. A foreign corporation that is a non-resident of California (i.e., not incorporated in or qualified to do business in California) is treated the same as a non-resident individual for §1030 purposes.
How long does issuance take?
Same-day for qualified files. Most California §1030 bonds are written on a one-page application without collateral and are delivered in PDF for direct e-filing the same business day.

Related plaintiff cost bond practice.

Neighboring states
Adjacent plaintiff cost bond bonds.
Nevada

Further reading on the Surety One blog

↗ suretyone.com/blog

Filing in California as a non-resident?

Send the complaint or the defendant's motion for cost bond. Same-day issuance for qualified files.